WABA
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Countries - O/P/Q
Oman
Current situation in the country regarding breastfeeding:
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview: 28%, 1997.
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes as of December 1998: Many provisions law.
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding: 51 of 51 total.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above): 14.
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Sources of information
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview - BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF, February 1999
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes - This table was prepared with the assistance of the International Code Documentation Centre (ICDC). - Nutrition section, UNICEF, December 1998
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding - Country Profiles (BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF), February 1999.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above) - UNDP. Human Development Report 1998.
Relevant quotes from the ILO Report V (2): Maternity Protection at Work regarding: Maternity leave, Financing of benefits and Provisions for nursing mothers:
- Should a woman to whom the Convention applies, on production of a medical certificate stating the presumed date of her confinement, be entitled to a period of maternity leave of not less than 12 weeks? - Maternity leave must not exceed the limit that would affect the economy and paralyze production forces. Maternity leave for 45 days is reasonable.
- The cash and the medical benefits should be provided through compulsory social insurance and in a manner determined by national law and practice.
- "Should a woman be entitled to daily break(s) to nurse her child? If so, should such breaks be counted as working time and remunerated accordingly?" The national economy should not have to assume the burden of nursing breaks, as long as bottle-feeding is available.
Pakistan
Current situation in the country regarding breastfeeding:
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview:16%, 1995.
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes as of December 1998: Measure drafted awaiting final approval.
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding: 35 of 799 total.
- Length of maternity leave: 12 weeks.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage): 100.
- Who pays? The Employer.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above): 26.
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Sources of information
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview - BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF, February 1999
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes - This table was prepared with the assistance of the International Code Documentation Centre (ICDC). - Nutrition section, UNICEF, December 1998
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding - Country Profiles (BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF), February 1999.
- Length of maternity, paternity and parental leave -The World of Work, No. 24. April 1998; and for those not included there, Conditions of Work Digest: Maternity and work, Vol. 13, 1994.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage) and Who pays? - ILO. The World of Work, no 24. April 1998.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above) - UNDP. Human Development Report 1998.
Relevant quotes from the ILO Report V (2): Maternity Protection at Work regarding: Maternity leave, Financing of benefits and Provisions for nursing mothers:
- A woman to whom the Convention applies, on production of a medical certificate stating the presumed date of her confinement, is entitled to a period of maternity leave of not less than 12 weeks.
- The cash and the medical benefits should be provided in a manner determined by national law and practice.
- The woman should be entitled to daily break(s) to nurse her child and the breaks should be counted as working time and remunerated accordingly.
Palau
Current situation in the country regarding breastfeeding:
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding: 0 of 1 total.
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Sources of information
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding - Country Profiles (BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF), February 1999.
Panama
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes as of December 1998: Law.
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding: 3 of 32 total.
- Length of maternity leave: 14 weeks.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage): 100.
- Who pays? The Social Security.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above): 34.
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Sources of information
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview - BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF, February 1999
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes - This table was prepared with the assistance of the International Code Documentation Centre (ICDC). - Nutrition section, UNICEF, December 1998
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding - Country Profiles (BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF), February 1999.
- Length of maternity, paternity and parental leave -The World of Work, No. 24. April 1998; and for those not included there, Conditions of Work Digest: Maternity and work, Vol. 13, 1994.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage) and Who pays? - ILO. The World of Work, no 24. April 1998.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above) - UNDP. Human Development Report 1998.
Papua New Guinea
Current situation in the country regarding breastfeeding:
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes as of December 1998: Many provisions law.
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding: 4 of 500 total.
- Length of maternity leave: 6 weeks.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above): 42.
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Sources of information
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes - This table was prepared with the assistance of the International Code Documentation Centre (ICDC). - Nutrition section, UNICEF, December 1998
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding - Country Profiles (BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF), February 1999.
- Length of maternity, paternity and parental leave -The World of Work, No. 24. April 1998; and for those not included there, Conditions of Work Digest: Maternity and work, Vol. 13, 1994.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above) - UNDP. Human Development Report 1998.
Relevant quotes from the ILO Report V (2): Maternity Protection at Work regarding: Maternity leave, Financing of benefits and Provisions for nursing mothers:
- A woman to whom the Convention applies, on production of a medical certificate stating the presumed date of her confinement, is entitled to a period of maternity leave of not less than 12 weeks.
- The cash and the medical benefits should be provided through compulsory social insurance, public funds and in a manner determined by national law and practice.
- The woman should be entitled to daily break(s) to nurse her child and the breaks should be counted as working time and remunerated accordingly.
Paraguay
Current situation in the country regarding breastfeeding:
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview: 11%, 1997.
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes: Being Studied.
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding: 18 of 27 total.
- Length of maternity leave: 12 weeks.
- Length of paternity leave: 2 days.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage): 50 for 9 weeks.
- Who pays? The Social Security.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above): 29.
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Sources of information
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview - BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF, February 1999
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes - This table was prepared with the assistance of the International Code Documentation Centre (ICDC). - Nutrition section, UNICEF, December 1998
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding - Country Profiles (BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF), February 1999.
- Length of maternity, paternity and parental leave -The World of Work, No. 24. April 1998; and for those not included there, Conditions of Work Digest: Maternity and work, Vol. 13, 1994.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage) and Who pays? - ILO. The World of Work, no 24. April 1998.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above) - UNDP. Human Development Report 1998.
Peru
Current situation in the country regarding breastfeeding:
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview: 63%, 1996.
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes as of December 1998: Law.
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding: 91 of 130 total.
- Length of maternity leave: 90 days.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage): 100.
- Who pays? The Social Security.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above): 29.
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Sources of information
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview - BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF, February 1999
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes - This table was prepared with the assistance of the International Code Documentation Centre (ICDC). - Nutrition section, UNICEF, December 1998
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding - Country Profiles (BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF), February 1999.
- Length of maternity, paternity and parental leave -The World of Work, No. 24. April 1998; and for those not included there, Conditions of Work Digest: Maternity and work, Vol. 13, 1994.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage) and Who pays? - ILO. The World of Work, no 24. April 1998.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above) - UNDP. Human Development Report 1998.
Relevant quotes from the ILO Report V (2): Maternity Protection at Work regarding: Maternity leave, Financing of benefits and Provisions for nursing mothers:
- A woman to whom the Convention applies, on production of a medical certificate stating the presumed date of her confinement, is entitled to a period of maternity leave of not less than 12 weeks.
- The cash and the medical benefits should be provided through compulsory social insurance, public funds and in a manner determined by national law and practice.
- "Should a woman be entitled to daily break(s) to nurse her child?" - May be provided through collective or individual agreements. "Should such breaks be counted as working time and remunerated accordingly?" - To be determined by national legislation. CUT: To avoid additional labour costs which could negatively affect women's employment, nursing breaks should, in principle, be paid through social security or public funds. If that is not currently possible, the breaks should be paid by the employer, but reimbursed when resources become available.
Philippines
Current situation in the country regarding breastfeeding:
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview: 33%, 1993.
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes as of December 1998: Law.
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding: 1047 of 1798 total.
- Length of maternity leave: 60 days.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage): 100.
- Who pays? The Social Security.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above): 37.
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Sources of information
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview - BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF, February 1999
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes - This table was prepared with the assistance of the International Code Documentation Centre (ICDC). - Nutrition section, UNICEF, December 1998
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding - Country Profiles (BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF), February 1999.
- Length of maternity, paternity and parental leave -The World of Work, No. 24. April 1998; and for those not included there, Conditions of Work Digest: Maternity and work, Vol. 13, 1994.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage) and Who pays? - ILO. The World of Work, no 24. April 1998.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above) - UNDP. Human Development Report 1998.
Relevant quotes from the ILO Report V (2): Maternity Protection at Work regarding: Maternity leave, Financing of benefits and Provisions for nursing mothers:
- A woman to whom the Convention applies, on production of a medical certificate stating the presumed date of her confinement, is entitled to a period of maternity leave of not less than 12 weeks.
- The cash and the medical benefits should be provided through compulsory social insurance, public funds and in a manner determined by national law and practice.
- The woman should be entitled to daily break(s) to nurse her child and the breaks should be counted as working time and remunerated accordingly.
Poland
Current situation in the country regarding breastfeeding:
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview: 17%, 1997.
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes: Being studied.
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding: 21 of 456 total.
- Length of maternity leave: 16-18 weeks.
- Length of parental leave (only female employees): 3 years.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage): 100.
- Who pays? The Social Security.
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Sources of information
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview - BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF, February 1999
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes - This table was prepared with the assistance of the International Code Documentation Centre (ICDC). - Nutrition section, UNICEF, December 1998
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding - Country Profiles (BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF), February 1999.
- Length of maternity, paternity and parental leave -The World of Work, No. 24. April 1998; and for those not included there, Conditions of Work Digest: Maternity and work, Vol. 13, 1994.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage) and Who pays? - ILO. The World of Work, no 24. April 1998.
Relevant quotes from the ILO Report V (2): Maternity Protection at Work regarding: Maternity leave, Financing of benefits and Provisions for nursing mothers:
- A woman to whom the Convention applies, on production of a medical certificate stating the presumed date of her confinement, is entitled to a period of maternity leave of not less than 12 weeks.
- The woman should be entitled to daily break(s) to nurse her child and the breaks should be counted as working time and remunerated accordingly.
Portugal
Current situation in the country regarding breastfeeding:
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes as of December 1998: Many provisions law.
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding: 0 of 52 total.
- Length of maternity leave: 98 days.
- Length of paternity leave: 30-60 in exceptional circumstances in the event of a medically certified physical or mental disability of the mother, or if the mother is undergoing training which would be affected by her absence.
- Length of parental leave: 2 years.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage): 100.
- Who pays? The Social Security.
____________________
Sources of information
- Percent of all infants aged 0-4 months who were exclusively breast-fed the day before a survey interview - BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF, February 1999
- National Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes - This table was prepared with the assistance of the International Code Documentation Centre (ICDC). - Nutrition section, UNICEF, December 1998
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding - Country Profiles (BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF), February 1999.
- Length of maternity, paternity and parental leave -The World of Work, No. 24. April 1998; and for those not included there, Conditions of Work Digest: Maternity and work, Vol. 13, 1994.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage) and Who pays? - ILO. The World of Work, no 24. April 1998.
Relevant quotes from the ILO Report V (2): Maternity Protection at Work regarding: Maternity leave, Financing of benefits and Provisions for nursing mothers:
- A woman to whom the Convention applies, on production of a medical certificate stating the presumed date of her confinement, is entitled to a period of maternity leave of not less than 12 weeks.
- The woman should be entitled to daily break(s) to nurse her child and the breaks should be counted as working time and remunerated accordingly.
Puerto Rico
Current situation in the country regarding breastfeeding:
- Women as % of adult (15+) labour force: 29.
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Sources of information
- Woman as % of adult (15+) labour force - The World's Women 1995, Trends and Statistics, United Nations. Social Statistics and Indicators Series K No. 12.
Qatar
Current situation in the country regarding breastfeeding:
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding: 0
- Length of maternity leave: 40 days.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage): 100 for civil servants.
- Who pays? Agency concerned.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above): 13.
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Sources of information
- Number of hospitals/maternities officially designated by UNICEF as "Baby Friendly," having fulfilled 10 criteria supportive of breastfeeding - Country Profiles (BFHI analysis report, Nutrition section, UNICEF), February 1999.
- Length of maternity, paternity and parental leave -The World of Work, No. 24. April 1998; and for those not included there, Conditions of Work Digest: Maternity and work, Vol. 13, 1994.
- Cash benefits for maternity leave (per cent of wage) and Who pays? - ILO. The World of Work, no 24. April 1998.
- Women's share of adult labour force (% age 15 and above) - UNDP. Human Development Report 1998.
Relevant quotes from the ILO Report V (2): Maternity Protection at Work regarding: Maternity leave, Financing of benefits and Provisions for nursing mothers:
- A woman to whom the Convention applies, on production of a medical certificate stating the presumed date of her confinement, is entitled to a period of maternity leave of not less than 12 weeks.
- The cash and the medical benefits should be provided in a manner determined by national law and practice.
The woman should be entitled to daily break(s) to nurse her child and the breaks should be counted as working time and remunerated accordingly.
Country Situation Files - Alphabetical order
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H |
I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P |
Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | Y | Z
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